Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill: virtual tour
Bioreactor Collection System
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  The
final MACT rule contains the same requirements as a previous rule,
Emission Guidelines - New Source Performance Standards (EG/NSPS)
for MSW landfills. The US EPA estimates that all MSW landfills that
are major sources of Hazardous Air Pollutants will also meet the
EG/NSPS criteria for installing collection and control systems. All
major source landfills, including those operated partially or completely
as bioreactors, are covered by the MSW landfill MACT final rule.
Affected sources must install collection and control system for landfill
gases.
Bioreactor Collection System
 The final rule also requires the source to operate its air pollution
control devices within the operating parameter boundaries and to
continuously monitor control devices operating parameters. Compliance
with the operating conditions is demonstrated when monitoring data
show that the gas control devices are operated within the established
operating parameter range.
 Municipal
solid waste, otherwise known as trash or garbage, consists of everyday
items such as product packaging, grass clippings, furniture, clothing,
bottles, food scraps, newspapers, appliances, and batteries. Not
included are materials that also may be disposed in landfills,
but are not generally considered MSW, such as construction and
demolition debris, municipal wastewater treatment sludges, and
non-hazardous industrial wastes.
 As
the waste in a landfill decomposes, it breaks down to form landfill gases,
such as methane, smog-causing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and
air toxics, pollutants known or suspected of causing cancer and other
serious health effects. Landfill gas constituents are typically found
in ambient air at low concentrations unlikely to cause adverse health
effects. However, whether landfill emissions pose a health hazard depends
on the chemical concentrations to which people are being exposed and
the duration of the exposure.
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