Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill MACT
Summary
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4. What do the Standards Require?
 Major and area source landfills with a design capacity of greater than or equal
to 2.5 million Mg and 2.5 million m3, and with estimated uncontrolled
NMOC emissions of at least 50 Mg/yr, would continue to be subject to the EG/NSPS
as applicable, plus additional requirements imposed by the final rule. These
requirements also apply to bioreactors within active landfills at both major
and area sources if the landfill meets the design capacity criteria. Sources
are required to meet the Startup
Shutdown and Malfunction (SSM) [PDF] requirements that are listed in the
general provisions to 40 CFR part 63.
The source must develop and implement a written SSM plan
that describes in detail the procedures for operating and maintaining
the collection and control system and the continuous monitoring
system (CMS) during periods of SSM. There are also recordkeeping
and reporting requirements for SSM incidents.
The final rule also requires the source to operate the control
device within the operating parameter boundaries and to continuously
monitor control device operating parameters. Compliance with
the operating conditions is demonstrated when monitoring data
show that the gas control devices are operated within the established
operating parameter range. Compliance also occurs when data
quality is sufficient to constitute a valid hour of data in
a 3-hour block period. Deviations occur when a source's 3-hour
average falls outside the established boundaries. A deviation
also occurs when more than 1 hour in a 3-hour average is considered
invalid.
To be considered a valid hour, measured values must be available
for at least three 15-minute periods within the hour. If such
a deviation occurs, then the source may be in violation of
operating conditions (that is, in violation of proper operation
and maintenance of a control device).
 With
one exception, the final rule also requires you to submit the
reports that are specified in the EG/NSPS
control requirements, or in the Federal plan, the EPA-approved
State plan, or Tribal plan that implements standards for new
sources, whichever is applicable. As an exception, the report
required in section 40
CFR 60.757(f) must be submitted every 6 months rather than
annually. The report pertains to the control device operating
parameter value and the duration of time that control devices
were operating in out-of-bounds conditions, the duration of
periods when the landfill gas stream was diverted from the
control device(s), the location of areas that exceed the 500
parts per million methane concentration limit, and the dates
of installation and location of each added well or collection
system expansion.
If a landfill is subject to the final rule because it is placed
with with a major source and the landfill has a design capacity
less than 2.5 million Mg or 2.5 million m3, the
landfill must comply with the applicable EG/NSPS requirements
(i.e., it must submit a design capacity report). The landfill
would not be subject to additional control and reporting requirements
under the NESHAP. Note that while area source landfills that
have a design capacity less than 2.5 million Mg or 2.5 million
m3, or estimated uncontrolled NMOC emissions less
than 50 Mg/yr (for landfills other than bioreactors) are not
subject to the final rule, they must continue to comply with
the provisions of the NSPS or State, tribal, or Federal plan
that implements the EG, as applicable.
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