Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill MACT
Summary
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1.
What Source Categories are Affected by the Final NESHAP Rule?
 The
final rule applies to all MSW landfills that are major sources
or are placed with a major
source, and to some landfills that are area sources. The US EPA
estimates that all MSW landfills that are major sources of Hazardous
Air Pollutants (HAP)(i.e., with a potential
to emit [PDF] at least 10 tons per year (tpy) of any individual
HAP or 25 tpy total HAP) will also meet the EG/NSPS criteria
for installing collection and control systems (i.e., have a design
capacity equal to or greater than 2.5 million megagrams (Mg)
and 2.5 million cubic meters (m3) and have estimated
uncontrolled emissions of 50 megagrams per year (Mg/yr) nonmethane
organic compound (NMOC)).
All
major source landfills, including those operated partially or
completely as bioreactors, are covered by the final rule and,
in addition to EG/NSPS
control requirements, are subject to the additional
SSM, deviation, and compliance reporting requirements of the
NESHAP. Landfills that do not themselves emit major source levels
of HAP but that are placed with major sources of HAP are also
covered by the final rule. However, if these landfills are smaller
than the EG/NSPS thresholds, they have fewer requirements under
the NESHAP.
 In
addition, landfills have been listed as an area source category.
The final rule applies to area source landfills if they have a
design capacity equal to or greater than 2.5 million Mg and 2.5
million m3, and they have estimated uncontrolled emissions
of 50 Mg/yr NMOC or more, or are operated as a bioreactor. The
final rule does not apply to area source landfills (including bioreactors)
with a design capacity less than 2.5 million Mg or 2.5 million
m3. It also does not apply to conventional area source
landfills that have estimated uncontrolled emissions of less than
50 Mg/yr NMOC. The EG/NSPS require landfills that meet the design
capacity criteria to periodically
calculate uncontrolled annual NMOC emission (go to the bottom of
the page for the emission estimation tools.) If
an area source landfill that currently has estimated uncontrolled
emissions less than 50 Mg/yr increases to 50 Mg/yr in the future,
it will become subject to the NESHAP at that time.
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